Business Process is a sequenced collection of activities, tasks or steps in the achievement of the required objectives, (in this context an effective PFM system). 

The activities and tasks encompass the transacting, management, control, monitoring and evaluation of: collection; utilisation; and safekeeping of resources, e.g. receipts, payments and asset management, as well as physical achievement and outcomes.

Business Process should seek to identify:

• What:  The detail of the activities (tasks or steps)
• Who:  The detail of which people are involved in each individual task, i.e. who is Accountable, Responsible, Consulted or Informed in the Process?
• When:  When each task should be undertaken, including the sequencing, timeframes (e.g. the Budget Calendar) and acceptable/targeted timeframes for each step and the process as a whole

End to End Processes:

Various Departments and Ministries are involved in an end to end process.  For example, the procure to pay process involves, Line (Spending) Ministries, Budget Department (for Budget Credit), FAD, DPP and NT in activity steps starting with requisition for goods and services and culminating in the cheque payment to supplier.

Business Process needs to take into consideration the interaction between the various organisational units.

Task Objectives in PFM:

• Determination of Macroeconomic and Fiscal Framework
• Budget Formulation
• Budget Execution (implementation, through collection of revenues and payment of expenditures
• Accounting and Reporting of financial and non-financial performance
• Management Control, and Safekeeping of fixed assets, inventories and monies
• Monitoring and Evaluation
• Audit and Scrutiny